SHAKING UP CONTEMPORARY UPHOLSTERED FURNISHINGS. 1951. An icon of 1950s’ Italian Design, the armchair-sofa Lady stands out for its extraordinarily contemporary construction, a symbol of innovation supreme, in terms of style, materials, and technology. This model was especially Marco Zanuso Original, Model Poltrona Lady by Arflex, Milan, 1950s. Manufactured by Arflex in the 1950s The lady chairs received a gold medal at the MilanAuthentic Marco Zanuso Lady Chair, Arflex, in Pure Mohair, Italy, 1950s. A pair of original and authentic early Marco Zanuso lady chairs, Arflex, Italy, 1950s. Access more artwork lots and estimated & realized auction prices on MutualArt. When autocomplete results are available use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. The indefatigable artist has been the subject of exhibitions at the world’s most prestigious institutions, from the Museum of Modern Art and. Slender metal legs that contrast with the cushy upholstered parts are its style signature; the embodiment of. All to meet our high-quality and standards. D 20. (vedi foto) struttura in legno di faggio, originale. From furniture, telephones, chairs and televisions, Marco Zanuso it is present everywhere. . 47 in. Dies in France. Poltrona Frau Vanity Fair Lounge Chair (Was 7750) $2,979. Icon of Italian design in the 1950s and symbol of stylistic, material and technological innovation, the Lady armchair by Marco Zanuso made history with its breathtakingly modern construction. By Cassina, Marco Zanuso. Log In Sign up. D 33. Originally called Zanotta Poltrona, it specialized in traditional furniture. Poltrona Lady Armchair by Marco Zanuso for Cassina, Italy, 1960s. Cassina Aspen PRO Sofa. Worldwide shipping available. FREE shipping Add to Favorites Italian Bistro or French garden orange folding chair, wooden and black iron 5 out of 5 stars (18) $ 125. 9 x 45. Tra il 1946 e il 1947 è stato direttore di Domus e successivamente tra il 1947 e il 1949 di Casabella . Marco Zanuso Mid-Century Modern Mod Lady Italian Armchair, 1950s. Marco Zanuso, Richard Sapper. 00. 35 in. By Le Corbusier, Pierre Jeanneret, Charlotte Perriand. By Marco Zanuso. Log In; Log In; Home; Price Database; Auctions; Artists; Galleries; Auction Houses; Events; News; Past Auction. He began his studies in architecture at the Politecnico di Milano university in 1934 and graduated in 1939. queens Mitchell Gold Churchill Buster Chair and Ottoman (Was 3999) $876. Marco Zanuso, Arflex. Sofá-cama Sleep-o-matic | Poltrona Martingala para Arflex. Marco Zanuso Lady Chair was initially conceived as a seat for car interiors, but the Italian designer decided to produce this armchair also for domestic environments, always using the process for mass-produced pieces. Icona del design italiano anni 50 e simbolo di innovazione sul piano stilistico, materico e tecnologico, la poltrona Lady di Marco Zanuso ha segnato la storia per la sua straordinaria modernità costruttiva. For Zanuso, the most significant collaboration was with the company Arflex, where he designed the Lady chair. Fasem Rocking Chair. 1954. View Poltrona modello “Lady” (1951) Designed by Zanuso Marco; Metal structure, foam padding, original cover in red fabric; cm 76x80x80; Edition. Marco Zanuso was born in Milan, when he lives and works, and he graduated in Architecture in Florence, with an experimental thesis on radical architecture and its main characters: Superstudio, Michele De Lucchi, Andrea Branzi, Ufo, Mendini ed Ettore Sottsass. Luminator per Flos Castiglioni 1956. Lady Marco Zanuso by Arflex Cotton Velvet and Hermes Fabric Italian Armchair A pair of original and authentic early Marco Zanuso lady chairs, Arflex, Italy, 1950s. View Poltrona mod Lady by Marco Zanuso on artnet. Leather and enameled metal. It is newly upholstered in a beige velvet fabric, which results in a luxurious look and feel. Poltrona Lady Armchair by Marco Zanuso for Cassina, Italy, 1960s. O arquiteto Marco Zanuso [3] colaborou com ela desde a sua fundação, e em 1951 ganhou uma medalha de ouro na IX Triennale di Milano, com a poltrona Lady. 137 views, 5 likes, 1 loves, 2 comments, 2 shares, Facebook Watch Videos from Ca' Design Studio: DESIGN ICONS: POLTRONA LADY, MARCO ZANUSO PER ARFLEX (1951) È uno dei capolavori indiscussi del. Customizable Items Only. Located in London, GB. Compact piece with bent steel frame and high quality red leather. poltrone in offertapoltrone di design modernopoltroncine pouf di brand di tendenza con dei imperdibili! Tra le occasioni del nostro digitale ci sono poltrone e pouf di pregio in promozione che ti permetteranno di arredare con stile un soggiorno, la zona notte o anche uno studio. 00 cm. Poltrona Lady rossa di Marco Zanuso per Arflex, 1951Poltrona Lady by MARCO ZANUSO Medaglia d’oro alla IX Triennale di Milano nel 1951, la Lady di Cassina è stata la prima poltrona rivestita in poliuretano espanso e gommapiuma. 720 LADY Famiglia ZANUSO Catalogo I Maestri Anno di progettazione 1951 Anno di produzione 2015 Poltrona con struttura sedile e schienale in acciaio, braccioli in multistrato di pioppo. Senior Chair attributed to Marco Zanuso for Arflex, Italy, 1950s. 32 x 22 x 18" (81. View this item and discover similar for sale at 1stDibs - Reclining armchair designed by Marco Zanuso in the 1950s, the armchair has been restored and upholstered in burgundy red velvet The elongated armchair. Materials. $600. Access more artwork lots and estimated & realized auction prices on MutualArt. 80 - Alt. Slender metal legs that contrast with the cushy upholstered parts are its style signature; the embodiment of. Marco Zanuso; Poltrona Woodline (Woodline armchair)(+ Poltrona Woodline; 2 works) 73 x 74 x 90 cm. Martingala Designed by Zanuso Marco; Enamelled metal tube, turned brass, hard plastic, padded fabric; cm 83x78x70; . Log In Sign up. Access more artwork lots and estimated & realized auction prices on MutualArt. 7in. View comparable artworks. An original and authentic Marco Zanuso lady chair, Arflex, Italy, 1950s. 14 in (74 cm) Depth: 30. Sostegni in ottone, rivestimento in tessuto; cm 81x79x80; Edition. Today. Visualizza altre idee su divani vintage, arredamento anni '50, design. Marco Zanuso. The dimensions are: 70 cm width, 84 cm height, 65 cm depth and seating height of 38 cm. 1 Month Free Personal Alerts. Dining Table with Six Chairs by Marco Zanuso for Zanotta, 1979. Creator: Marco Zanuso (Designer), Arflex (Manufacturer) Dimensions: Height: 31. Lot 1029. Top Seller Listings. Bench Model Lady, Marco Zanuso, 1960. His life expanded from 1916 to 2001, landing him at a prime work age during the height of mid-century modern design. Leather and. View this item and discover similar for sale at 1stDibs - Rare set of Interlude settee/sofa's designed by Marco Zanuso for Poltrona Frau. Cassina Lady Chair. Notable Auctions Happening This Month. View Poltrona mod. Vintage Calla Chairs by Antonio Ari Colombo for Arflex, 1970s, Set of 4. Em leilão esta semana: Vitra - Charles & Ray Eames - Poltrona - EA 124 Lounge + EA 125 Ottoman - Alumínio, Hopsak. Premiata con la medaglia d’oro nel 1948 alla Triennale di Milano, Maggiolina di Zanotta è un’autentica icona del design italiano. Designed over 60 years ago, Marco Zanuso’s Lady Chair is a classic example of how materials and technology can be used to engender new aesthetics. Three-seat 'Square' sofa, 1970 - 1979 . Access more artwork lots and estimated & realized auction prices on MutualArt. Access more artwork lots and estimated & realized auction prices on MutualArt. ), a rising star in the Democratic Caucus, is planning to resign amid allegations she had an inappropriate relationship with. By Marco Zanuso, Arflex. Isadora Chair. Log In Sign up. . Cassina Lady Chair. 32 x 22 x 18" (81. Italian Mid-century 'Sleep-o-Matic" Leather Sofa / Couch, Marco Zanuso & Arflex H 32 in W 76. Richard Sapper and Marco Zanuso. Poltrona Lady per Arflex Zanuso (Compasso d'Oro) Zanuso (Compasso d'Oro) 1951. Marco Zanuso Poltrona Lady. p. Architecture and Design. Lady chair in green velvet by Marco Zanuso for Arflex. Prices for Zanotta furniture can differ depending upon size, time period and other attributes — on 1stDibs, these items begin at £120 and can go as high as £56,328, while a piece like these, on average, fetch £4,244. He spent long periods in France, Spain, and especially in the United States. Sale. Marco Zanuso. Born on May 14, 1916 in Milan, Italy, he studied. Marco Zanuso, Richard Sapper. View this item and discover similar for sale at 1stDibs - Marco Zanuso lady sofa for Arflex, Italy, 1950s. Marco Zanuso, Pair of Lady chairs, manufactured by Arflex, Italy. Ref. apri scheda prodotto. Poltrona Frau was founded in 1912 and was appointed purveyor to the royal court in 1926. Marco Zanuso (1916-2001) was a very important Italian designer. scopri le nostre proposte a partire da € 60. prezzo: da € 2. 1 Month Free Personal Alerts. Access more artwork lots and estimated & realized auction prices on MutualArt. For Sale on 1stDibs - Rare set of interlude chairs by Marco Zanuso for Poltrona Frau. On Tuesday, 33-year old Republican representative Anna Paulina Luna was sexually harassed and stalked by a liberal reporter. Prices for Marco Zanuso armchairs can differ depending upon size, time period and other attributes — on 1stDibs, these items begin at £1,339 and can go as high as £18,830, while a piece like these, on average. Amazing Poltrona Armchair in Lady Style by Marco Zanuso, Italy 1960. Montera Chair. Group show at 2 major institutions. £2,238. Fuente: Zanotta Gallery De ahí comenzaron años de gran producción, experimentación y espíritu laborioso que lo vieron crear algunas de sus aportaciones más abstractas e importantes, entre ellos, sus famosos sillones Antropus en 1949, el sofá Treinnale, el sillón Lady en 1951. The incident was caught on camera. The Lady sofa by Cassina, designed by Marco Zanuso, represents a work of art of Italian design. Marco Zanuso. Designed in 1951 by Marco Zanuso for Arflex, the Lady armchair is a modern icon that won the gold medal at the IX Milan Triennale in the same year. Each zanuso lady armchair for sale was constructed with extraordinary care, often using fabricEcco Lady, il progetto firmato nel 1951 da Marco Zanuso per Arflex. 1950–2000; 78 x 80 cm. By Marco Zanuso. View Poltrona mod. 18 Th Century French Furniture Sofa. Tra gli anni '40 e '70 - l'epoca d'oro del modernismo Mid-Century - il maestro italiano Marco Zanuso (1916—2001) innovò una serie di materiali e tecniche che ebbero un enorme impatto sulla storia del design: esempi di questa innovazione sono l'utilizzo della gommapiuma. Lady Chair. Cassina 699. Sofa by Mark Braun - Bensimon Gallery X La Redoute Collection. View Fauteuils Lady (1951) Designed by Marco Zanuso; Drap woolen armchairs, brass; 82 x 76 x 76 cm; . Mid-Century TV Monitor Algol 4 by Richard Sapper & M. 25 in D 30. Sold Out. Access more artwork lots and estimated & realized auction prices on MutualArt. 87 in. 1960 Italian Leather Sofa 'Regent' Designed by Marco Zanuso for Arflex. Compare prices and purchase today. Marco Zanuso was born in Milan, when he lives and works, and he graduated in Architecture in Florence, with an experimental thesis on radical architecture and its main characters: Superstudio, Michele De Lucchi, Andrea Branzi, Ufo, Mendini ed Ettore Sottsass. Poltrona Lady prodotto di disegno industriale; Dati generali; Anno di progettazione: 1951 Progettista: Marco Zanuso: Profilo prodotto; Tipo di oggetto: poltrona Concetti: produzione in serie, materiali innovativi, eleganza. By Marco Zanuso. View Poltrone mod Designed by Zanuso Marco; Metal enamelled tuber, padded alcantara, turned wood; 71 x 86 x 88 cm; . Marco Zanuso (1916-2001) original, Model Poltrona Lady by Arflex, Milan, 1950s Marco Zanuso (1916-2001) Original wool beige fabric ladies armchair on brass legs Model Poltrona Lady, executed by Arflex Milan, 1950s The measurements are: 80 cm high and 78 cm wide The depth is 53 cm Seat height is 38 cm. View comparable artworks. Trained at the Polytechnic University of Milan and, in the immediate post-war years, co-editor of the Domus magazine with Ernesto N. Upon its release, many understood that. beauty of Lady with contemporary allure, making it the ideal piece to enhance lounges, lobbies and executive offices. Iconic so called 'Lady chair' designed by Marco Zanuso and. A. An original and authentic early Marco Zanuso lady chair, Arflex, Italy, 1950s. £2,183 £3,509. He spent long periods in France, Spain, and especially in the. (28. Lady Armchair. He was one of the first designers in Italy to take an interest in. In good structural condition but the fabric and filling shows signs of use and wear relative to age so. Fasem Rocking Chair. Sold Out. Marco Zanuso (Milano, 14 maggio 1916 – Milano, 11 luglio 2001). Designer: Marco Zanuso. poltrone con pouf in offerta e trova l'arredo in grado di soddisfare il tuo gusto e i tuoi desideri! marche di Poltrone e Pouf. 2. St Clair Lamp. Rogers, he was awarded the Medaglia d'oro and the Gran Premio at the. View Full Details. Lady Armchair by Marco Zanuso for Arflex, 1951, Set of 2. View Coppia di poltrone Lady (1950) Designed by Marco Zanuso; metal frame, brass feet and fabric covering; 80x78x75 cm; . 1 Month Free Personal Alerts. 00 x 78. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. His gaze was caught by a car deflector, the type with the pawl glued straight onto the small piece of glass, and he imagined using that technology to, finally, surpass Marcel Breuer and all the others who had designed crystal-topped tables with traditional structures of legs and crosspieces. Like many designers of the day, Zanuso was. Watch. Access more artwork lots and estimated & realized auction prices on MutualArt. Marco Zanuso was an Italian architect and designer best known for his inventive furniture designs using bent metal, plastic, and plush surfaces, as seen in his Lady Chair (1951). Marco Zanuso studied architecture at the Politecnico di Milano (where he later taught), graduating in 1939, then founding his own design studio in 1945. 318. Access more artwork lots and estimated & realized auction prices on MutualArt. Arflex - Marco Zanuso - Armchair (2) - Lady - Brass, Steel, Textiles, Wood Sormani - Carlo de Carli - Dining table - Brass, Rosewood wood Gae Aulenti - Knoll International - Seating group (5)Iconic “Grillo” telephone, designed by Richard Sapper and Marco Zanuso in 1965. W 28. Wright Est. D 20. 5 in. Cassina, founded in 1927 in northern Italy's Brianza region, has been a pioneer in contemporary furniture design and manufacturing. 1965. First Edition ‘Lady’ Easy Chair by Marco Zanuso for Arflex, Italy 1950s. Distant Drummer Jespersen boat building, a heritage of wooden boat building, restoration and repair located in Canoe Cove Marina, Sidney BC. La poltrona Lady di Marco Zanuso, un punto di partenza per la nascita del mobile imbottito moderno Medaglia d’oro alla IX Triennale di Milano nel 1951, la poltrona Lady è l’icona della modernità poiché fu frutto di un’importante innovazione tecnico/materica che, capovolgendo il sistema tradizionale di lavorazione degli imbottiti, prevedeva una realizzazione separata delle parti e il. Poltrona Frau Vanity Fair Lounge Chair (Was 7750) $2,424. Access more artwork lots and estimated & realized auction prices on MutualArt. p. Nel 1939 si laurea al Politecnico di Milano e qualche anno più tardi apre uno studio suo . 1. Brionvega RR126 . 3 x 55. Marco Zanuso. 900 Maggiolina 2D. It has black wooden feet. Like many designers of the day, Zanuso was. Your living room may not be complete without a marco zanuso lady chair — find older editions for sale from the 20th Century and newer. Frequently made of fabric, metal and brass, every marco zanuso lady armchair was constructed wEstate to accommodate his family of nine, as well as occasional guests. € 5800 / set. View this item and discover similar for sale at 1stDibs - Pair of 'Lady' armchairs by Marco Zanuso for Arflex, Italy, 1950s. View and compare similar lots prices. The Met's Libraries and Research Centers provide unparalleled resources for research and welcome an international community of students and scholars. Characteristic for this model are the outwards pointing armrests and the dynamic lines of the seat. 950 nella versione a scacchi) progettata nel: 1951. Sticks Fan Back Dining Chairs (Was 2860) $525. p. Zanuso was part of a generation of furniture designers who encouraged a sharp departure from the traditionalism and classicalism that reigned over the design industry before the war. $1,632. Già dalla sua uscita in molti. View Due poltrone mod. Marco Zanuso Italian, 1916–2001. Located in Roma, IT. Located in Roma, IT. Watch. View comparable artworks. 71 in. 71 in. Giuliana Gramigna Repertorio del Design Italiano 1950-2000 Allemandi 2011,p. Contact us for more information. Find many varieties of an authentic marco zanuso lady armchair available at 1stDibs. By Marco Zanuso, Arflex. Pair of Mid-Century Modern Italian Liberty Style Leather Armchairs. He served as editor first of Domus from 1947-1949, and then of Casabella, 1952. Metal and upholstery. Marco Zanuso was born in Milan ( Italy) 14 May 1916. Arflex by Marco Zanuso Lady Arm Chair (Was 10500) $1,464. Shop our lady chair marco zanuso selection from top sellers and makers around the world. View Poltrona mod. Fauteuil Lady | Marco Zanuso | Icône du design des années 1950, symbole d'innovation en matière de style, de matériaux et de technologie. Pinel Pinel. Compact design with bent steel frame and high quality beige/cognac leather. With its ingenious shape Grillo. Marco Zanuso Original, Model Poltrona Lady by Arflex, Milan, 1950s. Metal and upholstery. 5 In a 1985 article in Fair Lady, Press refers to an editorial in the French magazine Realités, which featured various stone beach houses designed by the Italian architect and industrial designer, Marco Zanuso, in Sardinia (T ruswell, 1985:54-60). ) close. Completamente rifatta da base precedente in tessuto rosso. 19th Century and British Impressionist Art. Zanuso for. Prodotto per Arflex. 7 x 29. The Brionvega Doney 14 television set (1962) designed by Richard Sapper and Marco Zanuso. Pair of 'Senior' Armchairs by Marco Zanuso for Arlfex. In addition to being the first armchair to incorporate expanded polyurethane and foam rubber, the armchair’s seat showcased a new. Category 1950s Italian Mid-Century Modern Vintage Poltrona Frau Sofas Marco Zanuso siempre tuvo una gran fascinación por el funcionamiento de los objetos que estaban a su alrededor. By Poltrona Frau,. Mid-Century Modern Lady Armchair attributed to Marco Zanuso, Italy, 1960s. Access more artwork lots and estimated & realized auction prices on MutualArt. Pair of Interlude Armchairs by Marco Zanuso for Poltrona Frau, Italy, 1980. Average Price YOY Growth. DESIGNER. St Clair Lamp. Marco Zanuso; Coppia di poltrona Lady, ca. Leilão de serviços de mesa de prata (coleção de Goudwisselkantoor) Comece a licitar ou a vender no Leilão de Architectural Digest France e Catawiki: mestres do design da Catawiki. La poltrona Lady, disegnata nel 1951 dall'architetto e produttore di mobili italiano Marco Zanuso (1916-2001), non è forse la sedia più appariscente che si possa trovare all'asta oggi, ma è uno dei classici pezzi di mobili moderni di metà secolo ed era piuttosto rivoluzionaria per l'epoca. Access more artwork lots and estimated & realized auction prices on MutualArt. Compare auction performance of Zanuso Marco . Poltrona Letto. View this item and discover similar for sale at 1stDibs - Italian midcentury 1950s armchair Poltrona lady style of Marco Zanuso, circa 1960 with original leatherette, upholstery in excellent condition. Choose from an assortment of styles, material and more with respect to the zanuso lady you’re looking for at 1stDibs. Access more artwork lots and estimated & realized auction prices on MutualArt. View this item and discover similar for sale at 1stDibs - Rare set of Interlude settee/sofa's designed by Marco Zanuso for Poltrona Frau. Marco Zanuso. ). 1436. View Full Details. a pair of Lady armchairs with a metal structure, brass feet and fabric upholstery, ca. Fauteuil Lady | Marco Zanuso | Icône du design des années 1950, symbole d'innovation en matière de style, de matériaux et de technologie. The iconic Lady Zanuso design armchair is available in the Salvioni showrooms. Discover its elegant line and unsurpassed. Lady Chair. A pair of original and authentic early Marco Zanuso lady chairs, Arflex, Italy, 1950s. The black painted metal frame shows minimal signs of wear. Poltrona Frau Kennedee Mid Century Italian Leather Sectional Sofa This sectional measures: 168. It has black wooden feet. The chair is in perfect condition. Access more artwork lots and estimated & realized auction prices on MutualArt. Materials. 00. Dec 2, 2021 - For sale: Poltrona Lady Arm Chair, Italy 1960 | #149228Compare auction performance of Zanuso Marco . Designed by Marco Zanuso. Long Chair Eames 1951. No customs surprises - our prices include all customs and import duties where applicableSold: Pair of Regent armchairs by Marco Zanuso, Italy 1951 | #165020. La prima poltrona in gommapiuma e poliuretano espanso della storia. (30. 1965. Brass. 00 x 77. The Lady chair has a steel frame with poplar plywood armrests, padded in CFC-free polyurethane foam and polyester. Modernité constructive. . Marco Zanuso is remembered for his significant contribution to design and architecture in the postwar era. 5 x 31. Salocchi Paione. For Sale on 1stDibs - Marco Zanuso (1916-2001) original, Model Poltrona Lady by Arflex, Milan, 1950s Marco Zanuso (1916-2001) Original wool beige fabric ladies armchair on brass Marco Zanuso nasce a Milano nel 1916. $142,600 - 200,800 For Sale on 1stDibs - An icon of Italian design in the 1950s, the Lady armchair-sofa stands out for its extraordinary constructive modernity, a symbol of absolute innovation 20th Century Marco Zanuso Pair of Armchairs model Lady by Arflex Original Fabric For Sale at 1stDibs At 1stDibs, there are many versions of the ideal marco zanuso lady chair for your home. 9 x 45. View Poltrona mod. Category Mid-20th Century Italian Mid-Century Modern Lounge Chairs. He was one of a group of Italian designers from Milan shaping the international idea of "good design" in the postwar years. €2,420. Located in Delft, NL. Posti A Sedere. Lady Chair. Base · Steel rod frame. Pinterest. Poltrona Letto. Explore. View Regent lounge chairs, pair (1960) Designed by Zanuso Marco; upholstery, enameled steel, stained beech; 32 x 33 x 36 in; Signed; . $1,698,840 - 2,497,550Shop our marco zanuso lady selection from top sellers and makers around the world. Contattateci per avere maggiori informazioni. Marco Zanuso y Lady. 5 in. Ao longo dos anos, a colaboração entre a Arflex e a Zanuso rendeu mais quatro medalhas de ouro da Trienal (sofá cama “Sleep”, poltrona “Martingala”, poltrona “Fourline” e. El sillón Lady de Cassina (Marco Zanuso, 1951) en la Casa Bordeaux. Access more artwork lots and estimated & realized auction prices on MutualArt. Italian Lady Lounge Chairs by Marco Zanuso, 1960s, Set of 2. View Two works: Poltrona Senior (2) (1951) Designed by Marco Zanuso; metal, brass and fabric (2); cm 76x105x69 (2); . 00 cm . Rivestimento in velluto color arancione ancora in buone condizioni. View Poltrona mod. La sua vasta produzione comprende oggetti iconici come la poltrona Lady, i televisori Doney e Algol e la radio TS 502 per Brionvega, il telefono Grillo, ma anche importanti edifici, tra cui le fabbriche Olivetti in Argentina e Brasile. ; cm 80x70x82; . Access more artwork lots and estimated & realized auction prices on MutualArt. 820 (€ 3. Access more artwork lots and estimated & realized auction prices on MutualArt. View and compare similar lots prices. See all past shows and fair booths. $2,495. With a vast inventory of beautiful furniture at 1stDibs, we’ve got just the zanuso lady arflex you’re looking for. Italian Lady's Armchair by Marco Zanuso for Arflex, 1960s. Each marco zanuso lady chair for sale was constructed with extraordinary care, often using fabric, metal and brass.